The Hokkaido Museum traces the natural and human history of Hokkaido, from its prehistoric environment and indigenous Ainu culture to the island's development and colonisation by Japan from the 19th century. Exhibits cover wildlife, archaeology, Ainu life, the Matsumae period and the rapid settlement and industrialisation of Hokkaido. Located beside the Historical Village of Hokkaido, it makes an excellent companion to the open-air museum.

Hokkaido Museum opened in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan in 2015. Located within Nopporo Shinrin Kōen Prefectural Natural Park, the permanent exhibition is dedicated to the nature, history, and culture of Hokkaido. Also known as Mori-no-Charenga (森のちゃれんが), the museum integrates and replaces the Historical Museum of Hokkaido (北海道開拓記念館), which opened in 1971, and the Hokkaido Ainu Culture Research Centre (北海道立アイヌ民族文化研究センター), which opened in 1994.