Erected soon after Koxinga's successful invasion of Dutch Taiwan, it is thought to be the oldest extant Mazu temple in Taiwan. Mazu is the Goddess of Sea and Patron Deity of fishermen, sailors and any occupations related to the sea.

安平開臺天后宮位於臺灣臺南市安平區安平古堡正前方，是安平四大公廟之一，也是安平區最大的廟宇。據清代方志記載該廟原稱「天妃宮」，原本位在安平鎮渡口（今石門國小），日治時期因故遭到拆毀標售而將廟中神像暫時寄祀在安平六社各廟宇，直到民國51年（1962年）才在清代水師衙門舊址上重建廟宇。